One thing that studying the evolution of SARS-CoV-2 has taught us, is how little we know about its current and future evolutionary trajectories. It is a virus that is full of surprises and has challenged popular assumptions many times already. 1/n
One often hears statements in media reports, that are rarely challenged, about how this virus will inevitable settle in to become mild, like some other coronaviruses. 2/n
A common example cited is 'Russian flu', presumed by some to have been a coronavirus. And yet, this is just that-an assumption. Such statements are completely lacking in evidence and follow several fallacies in understanding of viral evolution. 3/n
Unfortunately viruses do not inevitably evolve to become mild, and there is no evidence whatsoever that the mortality and morbidity of covid shows any signs of approaching those causes by common cold coronaviruses. 4/n
There is plenty of evolutionary space left for this virus to explore, and I would advice a healthy dose of caution whenever you hear someone say they can predict the direction that this will take. 5/n
Meanwhile, while levels of circulation remain high, it remains sensible for people to exercise what judgement and precautions they can take, while being aware of the risks of this virus. 6/n
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The pandemic is far from over, though of course we are past the initial acute phase and the risk of public health system collapse. nevitable see greater public health impacts from covid.
But the reality is that we are still in an evolving pandemic, with out of season and unpredictable waves across the world, and a virus that continues to change unexpectedly.
What's a hopeful monster? This is an idea in evolutionary biology that new organisms can result from large changes. Thus, these are monsters, in that they are very different to their ancestors. And hopeful, in that usually they won't increase fitness.
A really important question we should be asking is whether we are more prepared for the next pandemic as compared to 2019. By rights we should be; we have gained unprecedented insight into how a pandemic can unfold and what interventions work.
Are we though? A much harder question to answer. Have we done enough with the knowledge we have acquired? Are we better prepared to deploy these tools next time?
What about misinformation? We have seen the devastating impacts that misinformation can have on public health, and the tools to disseminate it are as strong as ever.
I asked the above question the other day. Where am I going with this? As you can see from the range of answers, there is a broad range. But, by no means do most people think the HIV pandemic is over. 2/n
Does this mean that it is the same as in the early days? Absolutely not. We have a much clearer understanding of HIV, incredible treatments, prevention programmes, education, awareness, and ongoing efforts to control it, many decades after its emergence. 3/n